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COMPUTER FUNDAMENTAL
Introduction to Computer
1.COMPUTER :- Computer is an electronic device which is used to store and manipulated data and works on given instruction to produce a required output.
Computer can be divided into two parts.
(1) HARDWARE
(2) SOFTWARE
(1) HARDWARE :- Physical parts of computer, is called as Hardware.
(2) SOFTWARE :- Nonphysical parts of computer, is called as Software.
Hardware can be three types .
(1) INPUT DEVICE
(2) MAIN UNIT
(3) OUTPUT DEVICE
1. INPUT DEVICE :- Those parts of computer through which we feed instruction to the computer known as Input Device.
Ex :- Keyboard, Mouse, Joystick, Scanner, Camera, Microphone etc.
2. MAIN UNIT :- The work of main unit is to accept instruction from input device, understand and process it and then prepare result set and then sent it to output as a result.
3. OUTPUT DEVICE :- The work of output device is to deliver to output to the user in their understandable form.
Ex :- Monitor, Speaker, Printer
Output can have two types
1. Hardcopy 2. Softcopy
SOFTWARE:- Actually software is a set of predefined instruction on which computer perform it’s tasks.
Software can also have two types
1. System Software 2. Application Software
1. System Software:- System Software is an interface between user and hardware, it act as an interpreter between user and hardware.
Ex :- Microsoft Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac O/S, Sun Solitaries etc.
2. Application Software:- Each Application software is being developed to perform a particular group of tasks, you can perform that particular task only for which it was developed, other things you cannot.
Like:- Paint and Calculator
Paint is used to edit picture and Calculator is used to calculate numbers, you cannot use calculator to make picture editing and you also cannot make calculation in paint window.
Like :- Microsoft Word/PowerPoint/Excel/Access, Windows Media Player, PDF Reader
MICROSOFT WINDOWS EP:
Microsoft Windows XP is a GUI operating system, this is the main programme which uses the computer to function properly. Microsoft Windows act as an interface between user and it’s hardware, and the programmes which uses the computer. This is the most popular operating system in the world, lets see the features of Microsoft Windows which make it this much popular.
*GUI ( graphical user interface )
*User Friendly
*Multi User
*Multi Tasking
*Plug & Play
*Network Support etc.
When we start computer we face an interface called Desktop.
Lets see the different properties of Desktop.
DESKTOP :- This is the first appearance of Microsoft Windows, where an user can keep their most frequent items.
START MENU :- A user can start their job from here.
TASKBAR :- Taskbar holds all the tasks running in the windows.
SYSTEM TIME :- Using this Microsoft Windows maintain their logs.
MOUSE POINTER :- Present the mouse pointer position on the screen.
ICON :- Present a file, folder or an application.
MY DOCUMENTS :- As we know that Microsoft windows is a multiuser operating system and my document is that particular folder in which a particular user can keep/store their own files separately from other users of Microsoft Windows.
MY COMPUTER :- From this we can browse our all computer; you can open floppy drive, local disk drive, cd/dvd drive attached to your computer. You can also see the properties of your computer by right click and then select properties. You can also change the setting of your Computer.
RECYCLE BIN :- Recycle Bin act as a recycler. All the deleted items come to the recycle bin and also a user can restore deleted file from recycle bin.
MY NETWORK PLACE :- Using my network place one can browse the other computers available in the network.
INTERNET EXPLORER:- This is an application software through which a user can browse the web site available on the web.
TYPES OF COMPUTERS
According to working capability of Computer it can be four types.
(1) PERSONAL COMPUTER
(2) MINI COMPUTER
(3) MAINFRAME COMPUTER
(4) SUPER COMPUTER
1. PERSONAL COMPUTER (PC) :- Personal Computers are single user computer on which at a time a single user can work. It is used to perform various type of job at home or office like word processing, internet surfing, playing games, listening music, video or sound editing etc.
Ex :- Laptops & Desktops
2. MINI COMPUTER :- Similar to personal computers but the working capability of Mini Computer is higher than personal computers and it is a multi-user computer on which more than one person can work at a time. This type of computers can be used by factories, and hospitals where a manner.
3. MAINFRAME COMPUTER :- Mainframe Computers are much muster than Mini Computer and can have more capability to control more user than Mini Computer. These types of computers are used for whether forecasting, universities, scientific research etc.
4. SUPER COMPUTER: - This is the fastest computers on which unlimited users can work at a time, these types of computers are being used by large organizations like government, banks, military, server based companies like Yahoo! Google etc.
CHATACTERISTICS OF COMPUTERS
As you have seen that computer are being effectively used for a variety of task in nearly every field. Can you think of the qualities which made computers so popular? Let’s explore those reasons that are responsible for computers popularity.
COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS
# SPEED
# ACCURACY
# RELIABILITY
# HIGH STORAGE CAPACITY
# VERSATILITY
*SPEED :- Computers are much faster as compare to human being. A computer can perform a task in a minute that may take days if performed manually. Today’s computer can execute millions of instructions in a second.
*ACCURACY :- A computer perform all the calculations and comparisons accurately. According to given instructions, provided the hardware does not malfunction.
*RELIABILITY :- Computers are immune to tiredness’ and boredom thus they are more reliable than human beings.
*HIGH STORAGE CAPACITY :- Computers can store a large amount of information in very small space, today’s flash memory stick (such as pen drive) can be 3 – 5cm long and still can store up to 32GB of Data. Today’s general personal computers can have 1000 GB of space.
*VERSATILITY :- A single computer can be used to perform different type of jobs such as graphic designing, a audio editing, printing, video editing, playing games, internet surfing, that’s why it is a versatile device.
WEAKNESS OF COMPUTER
*ZERO IQ: - A computer have no machine it works on given instruction. They need to e told each and every step; however, a minute ago they have performed. A computer cannot take decision their own.
COMPUTER ACCESSORIES
*THE INPUT DEVICE :- The input device is responsible for inserting input i.e. Data and instructions from the user. This work is accomplished with the help of input devices, in general refers to equipment.
*KEY BOARD :- The key board is typewriter like device which is used to type letters, digits and commands. A key board contains a matrix of switches; each key when pressed sends a digital code to the computer that determines which key has been pressed.
*THE MOUSE :- The mouse is pointing device with a roller/optical lance on its base. Mouse control movement of pointer (also called mouse pointer) on the screen also moves in the direction of mouse’s movement. A mouse generally has two or three buttons and it may or may not have a wheel.
*THE JOYSTICK :- Joystick is often used for playing computer games such as flight simulators. They input data like mouse but works by switches being closed as the joystick is moved left or right and up or down.
*THE SCANNER :- A scanner is a device similar to a photocopier. A scanner creates an electronic form of the printed image, which can later be manipulated, changed and modified according to the requirements. The scanner can convert any image into electronic form by shining light on to the image and sensing the intensity of the reflection at every point.
*OCR ( OPTICAL CHARACTER READER ):- An optical character reader is used to read character of special type of font printed on conventional paper with conventional link, these day’s, OCRs are capable of reading/identifying hand written text also.
MICR ( MAGNETIC INK CHARACTER READER ):- In this method human readable characters are being printed on documents ( such as cheques ) using a special magnetic ink. Special font has been set for these characters by American Banking Association. Characters are printed using a special ink called magnetic ink (that contains iron oxide). MICR reads these characters by magnetizing the ink and by examining the shape of the character. MICRs are mainly used by Banks. In a cheque, for instance, the branch code, account number, and the cheque number are pre-printed at the bottom using magnetic ink.
*LIGHT PEN:- A light is also a pointing device; in the light pen consists of a photocell mounted in a pen shaped tube. When the pen is brought in front of a picture element of the screen, it senses light coming from a limited field of view. The light coming from the screen causes the photocell to respond by generating a plus. This electric response is transmitted to a processor that identifies the pixel (graphic point) the light pen is pointing to Clicking is performed by pressing the pen on screen.
*BAR CODE READER:- A bar code reader is also one of the most widely used input device. As you must have aware that a bar code is a pattern of printed bars on various types of products. You may even see a bar code printed on some standard products. A bar code reader emits a beam of light (generally a laser beam) which reflects off the bar code image. A light-sensitive detector in the bar code reader then identifies the bar code image by recognizing special bars at the both ends of the image. One the bar code is identified, the bar pattern is converted into a numeric code that can be processed later in my manner.
*MICROPHONE/MIC:- We can send the sound input to computer through a special input device called microphone or mic. A microphone or mic has capability to accept sound and convert into digital data which can be processed or manipulated later.
*DIGITAL CAMERA:- A digital camera is a device which has a capability to capture image through optical lenses and store this image electronically which is very easy and send anywhere or store electronical.
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___________________________ XXXXXX ___________________________
NOTEPAD
*Notepad is a text editing application used for create or modify a text document. Notepad have some features which make text editing so easy.
Like: - Find, Replace, Go to, Cut, Copy, Paste etc.
To Start Notepad
1. START> ALL PROGRAMS> ACCESSORIES> NOTEPAD
2. START> RUN> NOTEPAD> OK
1. TITLE BAR: - Display the title of currently open window.
2. MENU BAR: - A list of commands through which we can provide instruction to the computer.
3. CURSOR: - A vertical blinking line which helps you to insert characters where it is.
4. TEXT AREA: - In this area we can insert text.
5. (Text = Characters) ( A-Z, 0-9, ~ ’ ! @ # $ % ^ & * () - + I} { [ ] \ / ? > < etc.)
6. CLOSE: - Through this button we can close the working window.
7. MAXIMIZE/RESTORE: - By clicking on it maximize the window full screen, again clicking on this one can restore in latter size.
8. MINIMIZE: - By clicking on this minimizes the window while keep it running.
*FILE MENU
1. New (CTRL+N): - New (CTRL+N): - Creates a new file.
2. OPEN (CTRL+O): - open an existing file.
3. SAVE (CTRL+S): - save the changes in the currently working file.
4. SAVE AS: - Save the working file with different file name or type.
5. PAGE SETUP: - Used to set the page size, Page margin, Page Orientation etc.
6. PRINT (CTRL+P): - Used to print the currently working file.
*EDIT MENU
1. UNDO (CTRL+Z): - make no change in last action.
2. CUT (CTRL+X): - used to cut the current selection of text.
3. COPY (CTRL+C): - used to make copy of the current selection.
4. PASTE (CTRL+V): - used to insert the current copied or cut text at current cursor position.
5. SELECT ALL (CTRL+A): - Select all the characters in the working-file at once.
6. DELETE (Del): - Used to remove the current selection.
7. FIND (CTRL+F): - Used to find a particular text.
8. REPLACE (CTRL+H): - Used to find a particular text and replace into another one.
9. GOTO (CTRL+G): - Used to go to on a particular line number.
10. TIME/DATE (F5): - Used to insert current system time and date at current cursor position.
*FORMAT MENU
WORD WRAP: - Used to terminate the line when crossing the window boundary.
FONT: - The appearance of characters in a particular set of styles is called Font.
Font is used to change the current font into another font so the appearance of a character’s change.
A font can carry these properties- FONT, FONT SAIZE, FONT STYLE
*VIEW
STATUS BAR: - Display or Hide Status Bar.
……………...NOTEPAD END…………………….
*WORDPAD
WordPad is a default word formatting application software associated with Microsoft windows, it has some features which makes word formatting easy.
Like: - Bullets, Alignment, Text Formatting, Also Standard Bar using which we can quickly perform some command.
To Start WordPad
START> All Programs> Accessories> WordPad
COMMANDS
FILE EDIT VIEW INSERT FORMAT
FILE:
OPEN:
SAVE:
SAVE AS:
PAGE SETUP
PRINT PREVIEW: - We can get the view of Documents.
BEFORE PRINT.
PRINT
EDIT
UNDO: - Make no change in last action.
CUT
COPY
PASTE
SELECT ALL
DELETE
FIND
REPLACE
OBJECT PROPERTIES
OBJECT
FORMAT: -
WORD WRAP
FONT
MICROSOFT WORD 2007
Microsoft Word is a word processing application of Microsoft Office 2007 Package used for documentation. This is most popular word processing application in the world and based on WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get). It provides you many features like Spelling and Grammar Check, Auto Correct, Auto Text, Bullets & Numbering, Style, Word Formatting, Clip Art, Smart Shapes, Tables of Contents and many more.
Microsoft Word is most popular application for documentation; one can use this application for creating document file like writing article, generating a form, application writing, letter writing, creating a label, creating a project file etc.
The extension name of Microsoft Word is “ .doc” or “ .docx” Indian
To Start Microsoft Word 2007
Start> All Programs> Microsoft Office> Microsoft Office Word 2007
Start> All Programs> Microsoft Office> Microsoft Office Word 2007
HOME MENU
FONT : (Ctrl+d)
The appearance of characters in a particular set of style is called Font.
v TIMES NEW ROMAN
v ARIAL
v COMIC SANS MS
v MONO TYPE CORSIVA
FONT PROPERTIES
STYLE SIZE
NORMAL 12
BOLD 14
ITALIC 16
BOLDITALIC 18
CHANGE CASE
v UPPER CASE – ALL CHARACTERS IN CAPITAL LETTERS.
v LOWER CASE – all characters in small letters.
v TITLE CASE – First Character Of Each Word Capital.
v SENTENCE CASE – First character of the sentence will be capital remaining all are small.
v TOGGLE CASE – All character will be changed in to vice-versa.
EFFECT
Ø EMBOSE
Ø ENGRAVE
Ø ALL CAPS
Ø SMALL CAPS
Ø HIDDEN-
HIDDEN
All Indian institute of medical science.
PARAGRAPH
Paragraph is a collection of sentences on a particular Topic.
PARAGRAPH PROPERTIES CAN BE
ALIGNMENT
Alignment is way to organise text between to Left and Right margins, it can be four types.
1. LEFT ALIGNMENT (Ctrl+l)
2. RIGHT ALIGNMENT (Ctrl+r)
3. CENTER ALIGNMENT (Ctrl+e)
4. JUSTIFIED ALIGNMENT (Ctrl+j)
IDENTATION
Indentation is a way to organise text related to Left and Right margins, while paragraph can be in positive or negative value.
SPACING
Using this we can provide spacing between two paragraphs. Spacing can be After and Before paragraph.
AND
LINE SPACING :- To increase or decrease the line spacing of a paragraph.
LINE SPACING CAN BE:-
v SINGLE (Ctrl+1)
v 1.5 (Ctrl+5)
v DOUBLE (Ctrl+2) or user want.
BULLETS
Bullets are used to list down items where need not a sequence.
EX:-
Mango Tiger Rose Math Banana Fox Lily English Guava Deer Lotus Hindi Grapes Elephant Marigold Science
NUMBERINGS :-
Once bullets are selected automatically next bullets appears when we press enter, in this situation one cannot commit mistake when one is creating a list with numbers.
SR.N. ITEM PRICE
01 Lux 2500.00
02 Pepsodent 150.00
SDJK KJSDJK 656565.00
SDKKJ SDFKJSKDJ 64564.00
STYLE :- Style is a set of formatting rules through which we can quickly format body, heading sub heading, title quote etc.
Style
FKSDF KLJFKLSDJF LDFG SD SF GF SDF SDF FSDG SDF SDPA DF SF DFS DFS SDF SDF DF
S
INSERT MENU
ILLUSTRATION
v PICTURE :- Using this we can insert pictures file stored in our computer system.
v CLIP ART :- Clip Art is a gallery of picture, sound and animated files. Using this we can easily insert a desired clip files.
v SHAPES :- Shapes are a collection of predefined shapes like Rectangle, Start, Banner, Arrows and many more.
Using this we can draw desired shape.
v WORD ART :- Word art is a graphical object made of text. It is mostly used for cover page, creating title of an article.
v CHART :- Chart is a best way to present data graphically for comparing two or more data types.
v PICTURE :-
SMART SHAPES
Smart Art graphics ranges for graphical list and process diagrams to more complex graphics, such as Venn diagrams and organization charts.
PAGES
v COVER PAGE :- Cover page is used to create cover page of working document quickly.
v BLANK PAGE :- We can insert a blank page to the document.
v PAGE BREAK (CTRL+ENTER) :- Using this we can take a break, one page another.
TABLE
Table is a collection of Rows and Columns and intersection of Rows and Columns is called cell.
v INSERT TABLE :- Using this we can insert a table defining the number of Columns and Rows.
v DRAW TABLE :- It provides us a tool box through which we can insert a new table or format or edit an existing table.
LINKS
v HYPER LINK :- Hyper link is used to connect two files.
v BOOKMARK :- This is used to mark a particular text on the working document which can be used to goto that particular text.
v CROSS REFERENCE :- Cross reference is used to refer an item such as heading, figure, table etc. at different place, such as see the table 6 below or table available on the page no. 8.
Cross reference is automatically updated if the content moved on page to another; by default cross reference are inserted as Hyperlink.
v HEADER :- Header is used to carry a command message on the top of the page.
v FOOTER :- Footer is used to carry a command message on the bottom of the page.
A command message can be file Name, Page No, Authors Name etc.
v PAGE NUMBER :- Using this option page number can be inserted to the documents in different manners
Like :- Left Top, Centre Top, Right Top, Left Bottom, Right Bottom, and Centre Bottom, Inside Top/Bottom and Outside Top/Bottom.
v TEXT BOX :- A Box through which we can insert text free from line.
v WORD ART :- Word Art is a graphical object made from text and can be used for Heading Text, Cover Page, Object etc.
EQUATION :- Equation is used to insert a command mathematical equation or build up your own equation using equation.
EQUATION EDITOR :- Equation Editor is a formula editor developed by design Science that allows users to construct math and science equations in a WYSIWYG environment.
Equation Editor dividedFT Office versions and several other commercial applications.
SYMBOLS :- Symbols are some special characters which we do not find in Keyboard such as Copyright, Trade Mark, and Euro Sign etc.
PAGE LAYOUT
v THEMES :- Theme is a set of predefined design through which we can quickly format or apply a design to a document.
v PAGE SETUP
v MARGINS :- Using margins we can leave an area around the page, which make document Impressive.
v ORIENTATION :- Through orientation we can manage the page orientation; page will be landscape or portrait.
PAGE SIZE
We can choose page size from this
v COLUMN :- Using this we can manage column according to our need.
v BREAKS :- Using this we can take a break one page to another, one column to another, one section to another or text wrapping break etc.
v LINE NUMBERS :- Used to put line number in a paragraph or documents DD.
v HYPHENETAION :- Using this option we can add Hyphenation to the document.
v WATER MARK :- Water Marek option allow you to make a document special like Confidential, Copy and any Special Message.
v PAGE COLOR :- Page Colour option allows you to change the colour of the document page (Note: This is effective on softcopy, Not effective on hardcopy; It will effect only on Web Layout View.
v PAGE BOARDER :- Using page boarder option you can make your document more impressive by giving boarder to the page of the document.
v AWTERMARK :- This is used to indicate that a document is to be treated specially such as confidential or urgent.
v PAGE COLOR :- Used to change the page colour of the working document. Note :- This is not effective on Hardcopy and used to format a Web Document.
v PAGE BORDER :- Using page border we can add page border to the document so that document looks impressive.
REFERENCES :-
TABLE and Contents : ………………………………………………… 3
Footnotes : ………………………………………………………………… 4
Endnotes : …………………………………………………………………. 5
BIBLIOGRAPHY : ………………………………………………………… 6
INSERT CAPTION : ……………………………………………………… 7
v Tables of Contents :- This option of Microsoft word helps you to create index page of the document.
NOTE :- Before using this option you must create your document using style.
v Footnotes :- Footnotes are those notes which are being discussed at the last of the page.
NOTE :- Footnote is used when article is more than one page.
v Endnotes2 :- Endnotes are those notes which are being discussed at the end of the document.
1NOTE :- Endnote is used where article is within the page.
v BIBLIOGRAPHY :-
v INSERT CAPTION :- Captions refers to the label of a picture object or a table.
Figure 2 shows the pic of Dubai Palm beach and Hotel AI Burj.
Figure 1 shows the pic of Penguins
MAILINGS
v Envelopes and labels :- Through this option we can create an envelopes or a single mailing label or inserts the same name and address on an entire sheet of mailing labels.
v MAIL MERGE :- Using this option we can merge the currently working document with other document. Which have a list of recipient or with a database which have a list of recipients?
v HIGHLIGHT MERGE FIELDS :- This option used to highlight the merge field which you inserted into the documents.
v ADDRESS BLOCKS :- This option used to add the address to your letter.
v GREETING LINES :- Using this option you can add a greeting lines such as
Dear<< Name>> To Your Document.
v INSERT MERGE FIELD :- This option used to insert any field from your recipient list to the document such as “ Name,” “Address,” Phone No.” Etc.
v RULES :- This option is used to add rules A/C to ability of the mail merge.
v PREVIEW RESULT :- This option is used to display the fields in your document with actual data from your recipient list.
v FIND RECIPIENT :- This option is used to find the recipient of specific record in the recipient of specific record in the recipient list by searching text in specific field.
v AUTO CHECK OF ERRORS :- This option is used to auto check or error occur, where a mail merge is completing.
v FINISHING MAIL MERGE :- This option is complete the mail merge and you can create separate documents for each copy of letter and you can send them all directly to the printer or send them through E-mail very easily.
REVIEW
v SPELLING & GRAMMAR [F7]:- This option is used to check spelling and grammatical errors from the working document.
v RERASEARCH :- Open the research task pane to search through a reference material such as dictionary, encyclopaedia, etc.
v THESAURUS :- Suggests other word with similar meaning to the word you have selected.
v TRANSLATE :- Translate the selected text into different language.
v COMMENTS :- A user can add a comment to a particular object or section.
v TRACK CHANGES :- You can easily make and view track changes and comments while you work in a document. By default, Microsoft Office Word 2007 uses balloons to display deletions, comments, formatting changes, and content that has moved. If you want to see all of your changes in line, you can change settings so that tracked changes and comments display the way you want.
v VIEW MENU
v DOCUMENT VIEW
1. PRINT LAYOUT :- This view of Microsoft word allows users to create a document for print purpose.
2. FULL SCREEN READING :- In this view of Microsoft Word hide of its part like Toolbar; This view is used for reading purpose.
3. WEB LAYOUT :- This view of Microsoft Word allows a user to create a web document. As document content appear in word web layout, the same will be in Web Browsers Windows.
4. OUTLINE :- In this of Microsoft Word a user can easily go one section to another, show/hide
5. RULER :- Show or Hide rulers
6. GRIDELINES :- Show or Hide guidelines
7. MESSAGE BAR :- Show or Hide message bar
8. DOCUMENT MAP :- Show or Hide document map (in document map we get only heading means main topics, using which one user can go to one topic to another).
9. THUMBNAILS :- In thumbnails view Microsoft Word Window appears in two panes Left and Right pane where Left pane displays pages and Right pane display full page view of selected page in Left pane.
10. ZOOM :- You can zoom of Microsoft Word Window 10% to 400%
WINDOW
v VIEW WINDOW :- Open a new window of currently working window.
v ARRANGE ALL :- Arrange all of currently working window on the screen.
v SPLIT WINDOW :- Can be split the currently window into two or more windows.
v VIEW SIDE BY SIDE :- Arrange all the open windows side by side.
v SYNCHRONOUS SCROLLING :- Scroll together with by side open window.
v RESET WINDOW POSITION :- Reset all window position like before.
v SWITCH WINDOWS :- You can switch one window to another open window.
v MACRO :- Macro is one of the most important and most useful tools of Microsoft Office. Using macro, you can record frequently used multiple task/command under a macro. You can use macro to quickly perform the same task/command.
Microsoft PowerPoint – 2007
Microsoft PowerPoint is a presentation software, through which we can express our idea to the audiences in a better way.
Presentation
A presentation is collection of slides, during a presentation slides com after another and represent information about a subject.
A presentation can be used for training purpose, to conduct classes, seminar project etc.
NOTE
Presentation can have three parts:
· Introduction
· Discussion
· Conclusion
SLIDE
A slide is just like a frame which is being used to represent information during a slide show.
To start Microsoft Office PowerPoint
Start> All Programme> Microsoft Office> Microsoft Office PowerPoint.
v OUTLINE VIEW:- The pane is used to display the slide or help us to work easily with slides. In the slide pane one can easily copy, moves and create a duplication slides.
v SLIDE PANE :- Through that you can make changes in the currently working slide.
v NOTE PANE :- This pane is used to by the speaker, or presenter to keep notes for themselves.
A presentation can have three parts:-
· Introduction
· Discussion
· Conclusion
It’s extension name is pptx – word..DOC, DOCA.
HOME MENU
SLIDES
v NEW SLIDE (Ctrl+M) :- Through this option we add a new slide in a working presentation.
v DUPLICATE SLIDE (Ctrl+D) :- This option use to insert a new duplicate of selected slide.
v SLIDE FROM OUTLINE :- Through that one can insert a slide from outline.
Eg. – My Computer, My Document etc.
v REUSE SLIDE :- This option you can insert reuse slide from slides libraries or other PowerPoint files in your opened presentation.
v LAYOUT :- Slide Layout is a predefined list of slides. Using layout one can quickly apply a layout a/c to need or your think.
v RESET :- This option reset the position, size, formatting and place holder of slide in default setting.
v DELETE :- This option used to remove the selected slide from the presentation.
v PARAGRAPH :- This option used to manage the text direction, alignment, of the text and convert text to smart graphical art to visually communicate to the information.
v DRAWING :- Through this option you can insert predefined shape of style and you can also format the shape a/c to need or your idea.
Like :- Quick Shape Style, Outline, Shape Fill Color, etc.
INSERT MENU
vTABLE :
Ø INSERT TABLE
Ø DRAW TABLE
Ø EXCEL SPREAD SHEET
v INSERT TABLE :- Using this we can insert a table by defining number of Rows and Columns.
v DRAW TABLE :- Using this we get table tools through which we can draw a table or edit a table.
v EXCEL SPREAD SHEET :- Using this we call, MS Excel Application and can insert a Excel Spreadsheet, so we can easily make calculation in Rows and Columns.
v PHOTO ALBUM :- Using this we can easily create electronic photo album by selecting a photo folder.
v ACTION :- Using this we can add a manual action to an object what happen when you click on it. Using this you can link next slide, previous slide, Last slides or First slide etc.
v TIME AND DATE :- Using this we can add time and date to the current slide.
v SLIDE NUMBER :- Using this we can add slide number to the all slides or a particular slide.
v OBJECT :- Using this we can call different applications like Excel, Paint, Media Player, Photo Shop etc. to the working slide to work on that.
v MEDIA CLIPS :- Using this we can insert media clips like Sound or Video file to the working slides.
Microsoft Power Point
Design and Animation Menu
v PAGE SETUP :- This option of MS PowerPoint helps you to set slide size, Orientation etc.
v THEMES :- A themes is set of Layout, Font, Effects, and Colour that can quickly gives your presentation professional and clean look.
v BACKGROUND :- Using these we can change the background of the current slide or all slide of the presentation.
v PREVIEW :- Using this we can have the preview of the animation effect applied on the object.
v ANIMATION :- Using this we can apply different type of animation effects on an objection.
Ø Custom Animation
Ø Predefine Animation
v SLIDE TRANSITION :- Using this option we can change the slide appearance during the slide show.
SLIDE SHOW
START SLIDE SHOW
v FROM BEGINNING :- Slide show start from first slide of the presentation.
v FROM CURRENT SLIDE :- Slide start from current slide.
v CUSTOM SLIDE SHOW :- We can customize slide show and present only selected slides through a name.
v SETUP SLIDE SHOW :- Using this we can setup show option, Show Type, Pen Colour, Performance, Show Slide etc.
v HIDE SLIDE :- Using this option selected slide we not be displaye4d during the presentation.
v RECORD NARRATION :- Using this option we can record a narration. And that narration can be played back to the audience during the slide show.
v REHEARSE TIMING :- Using this option we can launch a full-screen slide show in which we can rehearse full presentation. The amount of time you spend on each slide is recorded and you can save those timing to run the show automatically.
VIEW MENU
v NORMAL VIEW :- This is the default view of MS PowerPoint. In this view, there are three panes.
(1) Out Line Pane
(2) Slide Pane
(3) Note Pane
v SLIDE SHORTER VIEW :- In this view we get all the slide in miniature form, so that we can easily copy, move a slide one place to another.
v SLIDE SHOW VIEW :- Using this view we can deliver the presentation to the audience.
v SLIDE MASTER :-
· Using slide master we can manage a master slide.
· Master slide is a slide which effect all slide of the presentation. If you add any contents to the master slide it will displayed in all slides. All of the presentation slides one slide to the slide master.
NICROSOFT EXCEL
Microsoft Excel 2007 is a spreadsheet program which is used to calculate or manipulate data in Rows and Columns. It allows you to Store, Organize, and Analyse numerical and Text Data.
Now we have a question what is worksheet
SPREADSHEET :- A Spreadsheet/Worksheet holds information presented in tabular format (in Rows and Columns) whereas a workbook (file) can contain multiple spreadsheet, by default Microsoft Excel Workbook have three worksheet and in a single worksheet total numbers of Columns are 16,384 and total numbers of Rows are 10,48,5767.
CELL :- Intersection of Rows and Columns creates cells and a cell is an individual container of Data.
To Start Microsoft Excel
Start>All Programs> Microsoft Office 2007> Microsoft Office Excel
FORMULAS :- Formulas are sequence of values and operators, each formula begin with “=” sign.
There can be two types of Operators
· Arithmetical Operators
· Comparison Operators
v Arithmetical Operators : Function
+ = Addition
- = Subtraction
× = Multiplication
/ = Division
% = Percentage
v Comparison Operators Function
= = Equal to
> = Greater than
< = Less than
>= = Greater than equal to
<= = Less than equal to
< > = Not equal to
¨ FUNCTION :- Functions are predefined Formulas :-
There is different type of functions to perform calculation manipulation for different type of data type. Like Arithmetical, Logical, Statistical, Date & Time, Lookup & References Formulas like = Sum (), = Product (), = Average, = And (), = Or (), = If, = True () etc.
= Sum () : This functions returns addition of range of cells.
Syntax = Sum (range of cells)
= Product () : This function returns product value of two cells.
Syntax = Product (range of two cells)
= Even () : This function returns the nearest even go given integer.
Syntax = Even (Cell Add./Integer Value)
= Odd () : This function returns the nearest odd of given integer.
Syntax = odd (Cell Add./Integer Value)
= ABS () : This function return the absolute value of given number; means a number without “+” Or “- “ sign.
Syntax = abs (+/-, number)
= Fact () : This function returns the factorial value of given number.
Syntax = fact (number)
= Round () : This function round up to it’s nearest integer value.
Syntax = round (number)
Ex = round (65.4) = 65
Ex = round (65.5) = 66
= Mod () : This function returns the reminder value of a number divided by a divisor.
Syntax = mod (number)
Ex = mod (4,2) = 0
= Power () : This function returns the result of a number raised to the power.
Syntax = power (number, power)
Ex = power (25,2) = 625
=SQRT () : Returns the square root of given number.
Syntax = sqrt (number)
Ex = sqrt (625) = 25
=NOW () : Returns the current date and time.
Syntax = now ( ) 06-04-2012 8:00 AM
= TODAY () : Returns the current date.
Syntax = today () 06-04-2012
= COUNT () : Count the numbers of cell which holds numeric values.
Syntax = count (range of cells)
=COUNTBLANK () : Counts Blank cell which have null value.
Syntax = countblank(range to cells)
= COUNTIF () : Count a particular value which from a range of cells.
Syntax = countif(range of cell, value)
= countif(A1:G1, “MALE”)
= MAX () : Return the max value from numeric value of a range of cells.
Syntax = max(range of cells)
= MIN () : Return the minimum value from numeric value of a range a range of cells.
Syntax = min(range of cells)
= AVERAGE () : Returns the average value of given range of cells.
Syntax = average(range of cells)
= CHAR () : Returns the character specified by the code number from the character set for your computer.
Syntax =char(number)
Number should be between 1 – 225
= CODE () : Returns the numeric code for the first character in the text string, in the character set used by your computer.
Syntax =code(“text”)
= EXACT () : Returns True or False value if two given text string are exact ally same.
Syntax =exact(text1, text2)
= LEN () : Returns the character lenth in number of a given text.
Syntax =len(text)
= LOWER () : Returns in lower case of the given text string.
Syntax =lower(text)
= UPPER () : Returns in upper case of the given text string.
Syntax =upper(text)
= IF () : Check whether a condition is met, and returns a value if true, and returns another value if falser.
Syntax =if(condition, true_statement, false statement)
HOME MENU
1. ALLIGNMENT :- Rotate text to a diagonal angle or vertical orientation. This is often used for labelling narrows columns.
2. WORD WRAP :- This option use to all content visible within a cell by displaying it on multiple lines.
3. MERGE :- This option used to merge across several cells or to split cells that have been merged back into individual cells.
4. STYLE :-
5. CONDITIONAL FROMARTTING :- This option helps you to format the selected text according to situation. You can apply the format like, Strike though Font, Font Colour, Font Size, etc.
6. If you want to format the text between 100 to 200 numbers, the option can you help.
7. FORMAT AS A TABLE :- This option quickly format a range of cells and convert it to a table by choosing a predefined table style.
8. CELL STYLE :- This option used to quick format a cell by choosing from predefined styles and you can also define your own cell styles.)
9. (CELL :-
a) INSERT :- Using this option you can insert a Row, Column and Cells into the sheet or table. And you can add a sheet to the work book.
b) DELETE :- Using this option you can delete Rows, or Columns from the table or sheets.
10. FORMATE :- Through this option you can change the Rows height or Columns width, Organize sheets, or protect sheet and hide cells).
11. EDITING :-
12.
13.
∑
14. Using this option you displays the result of a simple calculation. Such as average or maximum value after the selected cells.
15. FILL :- This option used to continue a pattern into one or more adjacent cell. And you can fill ce3lls in any direction and into any range of adjacent cells.
16. CLEAR :- Clear :- This used to delete everything from the cell or selectively remove the formatting, content, and the comments.
17. SORT :- Arrange the all data in ascending or descending order.
18. FILTER :- Filter command is use to purify the column data on a keyword.
Find and Replace :- This option use to find & select specific, formatting or type of information with the workbook. You can also replace the information with the information with new text or formatting.
INSERT MENU
PIVOT TABLE :- A Pivot Table report is an interactive way to quickly summarize large amounts of data. Us e a PivotTable report to analyse numeric data in depth and to answer unanticipated questions about your data. A PivotTable report is especially designed for :-
v Querying large amounts of data in many user-friendly ways.
v Subtotalling and aggregating numeric data, summarizing data by categorise and subcategorise, and creating custom calculations and formulas.
v Expanding and collapsing levels of data to focus your results, and drilling down to details from the summary data for areas of interest.
v Moving Rows to Columns or Columns to Rows (or “pivoting”) to see different summaries of the source data.
v Filtering, Sorting, Grouping, and conditionally formatting the most useful and
v Interesting subset of data to enable you to focus on the information that you want.
v Presenting concise, attractive, and annotated online or printed reports.
PAGE LAYOUT
v THEME :- You can apply a theme to give your spreadsheet a professional and clean look. (theme have discussed in later chapters).
v PAGE SETUP :- Discussed in later chapters.
Here is one more option.
v BACK GROUND :- This is used to give a background to the working worksheet.
v PRINT TITLE :- This option is used to automatically print the title on each page.
v SCALE TO FIT :- Using this option we can adjust the contents of the working worksheet horizontal or vertically on a page.
v SEET OPTION :- Using this we can show or hide gridline we can print gridline print the heading row and view the heading row and more option related to a sheet.
v ARRAGE :- Have discussed in last chapter.
DATA
v GET EXTERNAL DATA :- This option helps you to insert data from other source.
Like Web Forms, Access Database, Text File other Database etc.
v CONNECTION :- Data Connections are links to data outside of this workbook which can be updated if the source data changes.
v SORT :- Sort the Column Data in Ascending or Descending order.
Ascending = A – Z
Descending = Z – A
v FILTER :- Filter Data displays only the rows that meet criteria that you specify and hides rows that you do not want displayed. After you filter data, you can Copy, Find, Edit, Format, Chart, and Print the subset of filtered data without rearranging or moving it.
v CONSOLIDATE :- To summarize and report results from separate worksheets, you can consolidate data from each separate worksheet into a master worksheet. The worksheets can be in the same workbook as the master worksheet or in other workbooks. When you consolidate data, you are assembling data so that you can more easily update and aggregate it on a regular or ad hoc basis.
For Example, if you have worksheet of expense figures for each of your regional offices, you might use a consolidation to roll up these figures into a corporate expense worksheet. This master worksheet might contain sales totals and averages current inventory levels, and highest selling products for the entire enterprise.
v SUBTOTAL :- Returns a subtotal in a list or database. It is generally easier to create a list with subtotals by command in the Outline group on the Data Tab. Once the subtotal list is created, you can modify it by editing the SUBTOTAL function.
VIEW
v NORMAL VIEW :- This is the default view of Microsoft Excel. In this view we can see all the spreadsheet at once.
v PAGE LAYOUT VIEW :- In this view of Microsoft Excel spreadsheet appears as a page.
v PAGE BREAK PREVIEW :-In this view of Microsoft Excel we can see and adjust the spreadsheet content as per requirement.
v CUSTOM VIEW :- In Microsoft Excel above three view can be used for single spreadsheet with different name and can be saved.
v RULAR :- Show or Hide ruler on the page layout view.
v GRIDLINES :- Show or Hide guideline in the working spreadsheet.
v FORMULA BAR :- Show or Hide Formula Bar.
v HEADINGS :- Show or Hide Heading.
v ZOOM :- One can zoom the working spreadsheet 10% to 400% as per requirement.
v FREEZE PANE :- You can view two areas of a worksheet and lock Rows or Columns in one area by freezing or splitting panes (Pane : A portion of the document window bounded by and separated from other portions by vertical or horizontal bars). When you freeze panes, you select specific rows or columns that remain visible when scrolling in the worksheet.
1st HTML INTRODUCTION
H.T.M.L (Hyper Text Markup Language)
H.T.M.L is a set of tag’s and elements used to create Web pages. Web pages are document that you view on the Web. Web pages one can store a file with extension name “.htm” or “.html”. Html was developed by a construction of organization world wide web consortium.
In this lesson you will learn about how to create html document and insert image and hyperlink in html documents. You will use “Notepad” as text editor to create html documents. A web page that you create in html is called html document. An Html document consist of two things head and body. In the head elements you specify the title of the Web page and in the body element you specify the content of web page. You used tag’s specify the format of the content of the Web page. Tag’s are basic element of an html document that are denote by single “ASCII” (American Standard Code For Instruction And Interchange) of character string in closed in angle brackets. An angle brackets enables web browsers to distinguish from regular text. Html provides two types of tag’s.
1. Container Tag’s
2. Empty Tag’s
Example of tag’s
………………………………………….
<html>
<head>
<title> IT BBRAIN COMPUTER EDUCATION </TITLE>
<head>
<h1> This is a Heading </h1>
<p> This is a paragraph.
</body>
</html>
HEADING :- Heading is used to define heading text for web browser. Headings are recognized by search engine. If you put any text into heading and search from search engine like “Google” or “Bings” etc. it is being catched by the search engine and put in the web browser.
Heading can be six steps.
Like :-
<H1> Heading 1 </H1>
<H2> Heading 2 </H2>
<H3> Heading 3 </H3>
<H4> Heading 4 </H4>
<H5> Heading 5 </H5>
<H6> Heading 6 </H6>
v PARAGRAPHS :- Paragraph is used to write particular sentences over a particular topic. We change particular paragraph , when WE are moving to different topic. In HTML we start and end a paragraph.
Like –
<p> This is an example of paragraph </p>
v BREAK TAG
BTag is used to break line into another.
v NOTE :- This is an empty tag.
Ex:- <Br>
v COMMENT :- Comments can be inserted into the HTML code to make it more readable and understandable comments are ignored by Web-browser are not displayed.
<!- comment is used to describe anything to a short notes -->
<html>
<body>
<p>
<I--<b> or <strong> tag is used to bold text………..> <b> this b text is bold. </b><br>
<i--<i> or <em> tag is used to make italic………>
<i> this text is italic.
</i><br>
<!.........<sub>. Tag is used to make a text Subscript -->
H<sub>2</sub>O<br>
25<sup>2</sup>
<!--<sup> tag is used to make a text Superscript -->
A<sub>2</sub>+b<sup>2</sup><br>
<font size=”5” face=”impact” color=”red”>
This paragraph is in impact font, font size, is 5, and font color is red
</p>
</body>
</ ……. <sup>
<html>
<body>
<p>
<font color=”blue”>
<!—
LIST IN HTML
There are two types of list can be created ………
*Ordered List (Numbering)
*Unordered List (Bullets)
An order list starts with the <OL>TAG. Each list item starts with the <Li>TAG.-->
<UL>
<LI>USHA RANJAN CHAKMA</LI>
<LI>IMRAN</LI>
<LI>PRADEEP</LI>
<LI>MUKESH</LI>
<LI>SURESH</LI>
</UL>
<BR>
<BR>
<!--
Unordered List
An unordered list start with the <UL>TAG. Each list item starts with the <LI>TAG.-->
<UL>
<LI>COFFEE</LI>
<LI>TEA</LI>
<LI>SHOUP</LI>
<LI>HOT LEMON</LI>
<LI>COLD COFFEE</LI>
<LI>BLACK TEA WITH GINGER</LI>
<!—
HTML DEFINITION LIST
A definition list is a list of items, with a description of each item.
The <DL>TAG defines a definition list.
The <DL>TAG is used in conjunction with <DT> (defines the item in the list)
And <DD>TAG describes the item in the list.
-->
<BR>
<BR>
<DL>
<DT>COFFEE</DT>
<DD>-HOT COFFEE-NORMAL<DD>
<DD>-COLD COFFEE-COFFEE FOR SUMMER</DD>
<DT>TEA</DT>
<DD>-BLACK TEA WITH GINGER</DD>
<DD>-MILK TEA SPECIAL</DD>
</DL>
</P>
</BODY>
</HTML
HTML FORMS
HTML Forms are used to pass data to a server.
A form can contain input elements like Text Fields, Checkboxes, Radio Buttons, Submit Buttons and more. A form can also contain select lists, Text Area, Fieldes, Legend, and Label Elements.
The <form>tag is used to create an HTML form.
<form>
Input elements
</form>
HTML FORMS – The Input Element
The most important form elements is the input element.
The input element is used to select user information.
An input element can vary in many ways, depending on the type attribute. An input element can be of type text field, checkbox, password, radio button, submit button, and more.
The most used input types are described below.
Text Fields
<input type=”text”/> defines a one-line input field that a user can enter text into:
<form>
First Name:<input type=”text” name=”firstname”/><br/>
Last Name:<input type=”text” name=”lastname”/><br/>
<form>
Note: The form itself is not visible. Also note that the default width of a text field is 20 characters.
Password Field
<input type=”password”/> defines a password field:
<form>
Password:<input type=”password” name=”pwd”/>
<form>
How the HTML code above looks in a browser:
Password:
Note: The characters in a password field ar5e masked (shown as asterisks or circles).
Radio Buttons
<input type=”radio”/> defines a radio buttons.
Radio buttons let a user selects ONLY ONE of a limited number of choices:
<form>
<input type=”radio” name=”sex” Value=”male”/>Male<br/>
<input type=”radio” name=”sex” Value=”female”/>Female<br/>
<form>
How the HTML code above looks in a browser:
Male
Female
Checkboxes
<input type=”checkbox”/> Define a checkbox. Checkboxes let a user select ONE or MORE options of a limited number of choices.
<form>
</form>
How the HTML code above looks in a browser:
I have a bike
I have a car
Submit Button
<input type=”submit”/> defines a submit button
A submit button is used to form data to a server. The data is sent to the page specified in the form’s action attribute. The file defined in the action attribute usually does something with the received input:
<form name=”input” action=”html”_form_action.asp” method=”get”>
Usha id:<input type=”text” name=”user”/>
<input type=”submit” value=”submit”/>
</form>
If you type some characters in the text field above, and click the “submit” button, the browser will send your input to a page called “html_form_action.asp”.
The page will show you the received input.
(6th DAY)
HTML Tables
Tables are defined with the <table>tag.
A table is divided into rows (with the |<tr>tag), and each row is divided into data cells (with <td>tag). Td stands for “table data”, and holds the contents of a data cell. A <td>tag can contain text, links, images, lists forms, other sub tables, etc.
Table Example
<table border=”1”>
<tr>
<td>row1, cell1</td>
<td>row1, cell, cell2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>row2, cell1</td>
<td>row2, cell2</td>
</tr>
</table>
How the HTML code above looks in a browser:
Row1, cell1 row1, cell2
Row2, cell1 row2, cell2
HTML Table and the Border Attribute if you do not specify a border attribute, the table will be displayed without borders. Sometimes this can be useful, but most of the time, we want the borders to show.
To display a tale with borders, specify the border attribute:
<table border=”1”>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
</tr>
</table>
HTML Table Headers
Header information in a table are defined with the <th>tag. All major browsers will display the text in the ,<th> element as bold and centred.
<table order=”1”>
<tr>
<th>Sunday</th>
<th>Header2</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>row 1, cell 1 </td>
<td>row 1, cell 2</td>
</tr>
<td><23></td>
<td>15</td>
</tr>
</table>
7th Day
In HTML, images are defined with the <img>tag.
The <img>tag is empty, it contains attributes only, and does not have a closing tag.
You can use following attributes
SRC-Helps you to define source of an image
ALT-Helps you to define alternative text about image
HEIGHT-Helps you to define height of an image
WIDTH-Helps you to define width of an image
BORDER-Helps you to define border for an image
ALIGN-Helps you to set alignment of an image related to Top/Bottom/Middle/left/Right
The src attribute specifies the URL (WEB ADDRESS) of the image:
IMAGE SIZE – Width and Height
You can use the style attribute to specify the width and height of an image
The values are specified in pixels (use px after the value):
<img src=”It Brain.JPG”ALT=”It Brain Logo”
STYLE=”WIDTH:128px;Height:128px;”>
And another way to define height & width is style (height, Width or Style)
Both the Width, Height, and Style attributes are valid in the latest HTML 5 Standard.
We suggest you use the style attribute.
It prevents styles sheets from changing the original size of images:
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<STYLE>
IMG{
WIDTH:100%
}
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<IMG SRC=”HTML 5.GIF” ALT=”HTML 5 ICON” STYLE=”WIDTH:128PX;HEIGHT:128PX;”>
<IMG SRC=”HTML 5.GIF” ALT=”HTML 5 ICON” WIDTH=”128” HEIGHT=”128”>
</BODY>
</HTML>
An image with an alternate text specified:
<img src=”smiley.gif” alt=”smiley face”>
The alt attribute provides alternative information for a image if a user for some reason cannot view it (because of slow connection, an error in the src attribute, Or if the user uses a screen reader)
Tip: To create a tooltip for an image, use the title attribute!
Text specifies an alternate text for an image.
Note: Internet Explorer 7 (and earlier) displays the value of the alt attribute as a tooltip, when moussing over the image.
This NOT the correct behaviour, according to the HTML specification.
Guidelines for the alt text:
SYNTAX <img alt=”text”>
The text should describe the image if the image contains information.
The text should explain where the link goes if the images is inside an <a> element.
Use alt=”” if the image is only for decoration.
INTERNET
· Internet is an Global network of computers connected to each other and through which one computer can share, access or use services available on this.
Computer Required
1. Computer
2. Telephone
3. Modem
4. I.S.P.
5. Web Browser
A. COMPUTER
*To connect with today’s internet service, a minimum configuration of a computer should be
*Pentium III, 256MB RAM, 10GB Hard Disk Drive, VGA Card, Sound Card and Network Card
B. TELEPHONE LINE
*Telephone Line is the most common media which easily available to every users and though which one can connect with internet.
C. MODEM
*Modem is a device which is used to modulate and demodulate analog signals to digital signal, and digital signals to analog signals.
D. I.S.P. (INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER)
*Internet Service Provider is a company who provide us internet services. The I.S.P. ISSU a user name and password to their user’s to connect with internet server. When a user try to connect with the ISP authenticate and provide a connection ISP charge their user’s periodically or according to data transfer during a period.
E. WEB BROWSER
*Web Browser is an application Software which is use to browse the web pages on the computer. Ex-are..
> INTERNET EXPLORER
> MOZILA FIREFOX
> NETSCAPE NAVIGATOR
> OPERA
> SAFARI
NOTE:-
WEB SITE ADDRESS (LINK)
MUST BE IN
LOWER CASE AND
WITHOUT SPACE
INTERNET SERVICES ARE
· E-MAIL
· Online Jobs
· Online Education
· Online Books
· Online News
· Online Encyclopaedia
· Downloads Software
· Online E-Ticketing
· Online Money Transfer
· Online Shopping
· Online Music
· Online Movie
· Online Game
· Online Maps
· Social Networking
· Online Videos
· Online Voice Chat/Chatting
· Online TV
· E-greeting
· Online Photo Album
· Search Engine
v E-Mail
Ø Now a day you can send a mail to your near on just a mouse click. Need not to worry it will take time to go. This is the most popular services available on the internet and it is free from this sides.
*Just need to create an ID by Sign Up a form for new users.
v Online Job
Ø Due to it, we have a large scope to find a job world wide. And many online recruitment agencies are working for this, these are:-
v Online Education
Ø As we know that due to it world is synchronized now, by the help of if education system is globalised.
Today need to go to a particular place or study or learn something. We can learn those things by sitting home to connect with that particular institute or universities. Most of world is collages or institutes are online now.
v Online Books
Ø Today if you are using computer then you must use electronic books to computer your study. There are many online organization who gives you free E-Book Services; Sites are:-
v Online News
Ø If you are habituated to have sip a of tea with news paper where you find local news. And you are abroad the only internet can help you to get this things.
v Online Encyclopaedia
Ø In Encyclopaedia you can get definition of all most everything. So online encyclopaedia is an online portal which helps you to get definition of any thing, any time, any where. Sites are:-
Ø You are working on your system and need a software to perform a particular task. We face problem when we don’t have that particular software, so don’t worry if you have internet.
v Online E-ticketing
Ø If suddenly we have to go somewhere and we don’t have any reservation in Railway or Flight service. Then there can be a problem with us. Solution is e-ticketing. Most of Companies are online now, Sites are:
v Online Shopping
Ø Today we have enough money but don’t have time for purchasing a particular thing in this situation online shopping helps you to purchase your desired things. Sites are:
v Online Music
Ø If you are found of music and searching for a particular album or music when you are not getting, then you can take help of internet. There are many online music shops from where can download your favourite music. Links are:
v Online Map
Ø May be right now you are here and suddenly you have to depart somewhere else the place you don’t know about anything. In this situation, online map will help you as a guides. Sites are:-
Ø Videos are not only a source of entertainment, it also help you to develop your skill, it also help you in your studies;
Sites are:-
v Online TV
Ø There is no time to every one to watch a particular program on time or live telecasting so solution is again internet;
Sites are:-
v Online Wallpaper
Ø Wallpapers makes your Computer Desktop beautiful attractive. You must have seen your friend’s computer with an attractive desktop; you can also download wallpaper from internet. Sites are:-
Ø E-greetings are the best way to greet any one, and need not to go market and purchase cards. Sites are:-
v Online Chatting
Ø Online Chatting is a different way to share our ideas while working your Office or Home. You need not separate time or location.
Different Service providers are
· Yahoo – Yahoo! Messenger
· Rediff – Rediff Bol
· MSN – MSN messenger
· Google – Google Talk
v Social Networking
Ø In today’s busy schedule we could not get the time to get connected with a community through which want to share or know the idea of other’s. if we have internet need not to worry any more we can create or join a community for these need.
How does Ativan regulate Human Anxiety Ativan is a prescription medication used to treat the signs of anxiousness disorders. It might be used alone or with other medications. Ativan regulate Human Anxiety.
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